Kuzizira-kuumitsa (lyophilization) ndi njira yotsika kwambiri-yopanda madzi m'thupi mosiyana ndi momwe zimakhalira kale-zoumitsa kutentha. Mfundo yake pachimake zachokera sublimation makhalidwe a madzi. Pamalo otsika-kutentha komanso kochepera-pamalo opanda mpweya, chinyontho cha mkati mwa zipatso zatsopano chimawumitsidwa kukhala ayezi wolimba, womwe umasinthidwa kukhala gasi ndikulekanitsidwa ndi timadzi ta zipatso osadutsa m'madzi amadzimadzi, kenako kumapanga ma porous ndi owuma owuma-zipatso zouma.
Kuwumitsa kwathunthu-kuwunika kumagawidwa m'magawo atatu. Yoyamba ndi yozizira-kuzizira: zipatso zatsopano zimatsukidwa, kusidwa ndi kuumbidwa, kenaka kuziundana msanga pa kutentha kwa -30 digirii -50 digirii kuti atseke dongosolo la maselo a chipatsocho ndi kupewa kuwonongeka kwa maselo chifukwa cha kuzizira pang'onopang'ono. Yachiwiri ndi vacuum sublimation kuyanika: mu mkulu-vacuum chatsekedwa zipangizo chilengedwe, olimba ayezi mkati mwa chipatso chimatenga kutentha ndi sublimates mofulumira, kuchotsa 90% -95% ya madzi aulere. Chachitatu ndi kuunika kowunikira: chotsaninso madzi otsala omangika mkati mwa chipatsocho, kuchepetsa madzi omalizira a mankhwalawa kukhala osachepera 5%, omwe amazindikira kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali kwa zipatso.
Poyerekeza ndi umisiri wakale-woumitsa kutentha kwambiri, monga kuyanika ndi kuphika, kuumitsa-kuumitsa zinthu kuli ndi ubwino wa mafakitale. Choyamba, kusunga bwino kwa michere. Kutentha kwambiri-kutentha kwambiri kumawononga kutentha-zakudya zomwe sizimamva bwino ngati vitamin C, fiber fiber ndi ma enzymes a zipatso mu zipatso, pomwe kutsika pang'ono-kuzizira kozizira{7}}kuuma kumasunga pafupifupi 98% ya michere yoyambirira ya zipatso zatsopano. Chachiwiri, kukoma koyambirira ndi kubwezeretsa maonekedwe. Kutentha{{11}kutentha kocheperako sikuwononga maselo a zipatso, choncho kuzizira-zipatso zouma zimasunga mtundu wakale, mawonekedwe ndi kakomedwe ka zipatso zatsopano, zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino, ndipo zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso mwachangu kuti zitsitsimutse zipatso zikamamwa madzi. Chachitatu, -nthawi yayitali ya alumali. Madzi akaumitsa-, 95% -99% ya madzi amachotsedwa, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuberekana kwa mabakiteriya, nkhungu ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Popanda kuwonjezera zotetezera, nthawi ya alumali imatha kufika miyezi 12-24 kutentha.
Popanga mafakitale, kuzizira{{0}zipatso zowuma kumakhudzidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zitatu. Choyamba, eutectic mfundo ya zipatso. Zipatso zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi shuga wosiyanasiyana komanso chinyezi, zomwe zimatsogolera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana za eutectic, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutentha koyenera kuzizira komanso kuzungulira kwamadzi. Chachiwiri, kuwongolera digiri ya vacuum. Khola mkulu vacuum ndiye chinsinsi kuonetsetsa yunifolomu sublimation ndi kupewa kuyanika mosiyanasiyana ndi kuwonongeka kwa m'dera katundu. Chachitatu, -kuzizira kwambiri. Kuzizira kofulumira kumatha kupanga makhiristo abwino oundana mkati mwa zipatso, kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe athunthu a cell ndikupewa kutayikira komanso kufota kwa zinthu.
Chifukwa cha luso lomwe lili pamwambali, ukadaulo wowumitsa{0}}wakhala ukadaulo wotsogola-kukonza zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Imathetsa mavuto azachuma anthawi yaifupi yazipatso, mayendedwe akutali-otalikirana komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa michere yazipatso zouma, ndipo imadziwika kwambiri-kuzokhwasula-khwasula, zakudya za ana, zomwe zimagwira ntchito komanso misika yogulitsa kunja.
